Robert Boyle: The Father of Modern Chemistry
Robert Boyle was brought into the world on January 26, 1627 in the city of Munster, Ireland.
He was the 14th child and 10th son of the wealthy, wealthy Earl of Cork. No one ever doubted his amazing talent. Besides, he had all the facilities that a settled and well-to-do father can procure for his son. Along with English, he also studied Latin and French and, later, added Hebrew, Greek and Syriac to his growing repertoire. The result of all this was that he was able to study the Bible seriously through its original languages.
At the age of 8, he entered Eton College. Eton was the largest and most famous primary school in England in those days. After three years he was withdrawn from school, so that he could travel to continental Europe. This journey was also considered necessary in that era to become a noble citizen of England. Then it used to be a kind of ‘convocation’ for the student. But eleven years of age is usually not enough for him. In 1641, 14-year-old Robert arrived in Italy and there he came in contact with the famous scientist Galileo. He decided that he would now devote his personal life to the study of science.
After reaching back to England, he became a student of Oxford. This was the famous center of science in those days. At Oxford he learned that he had, unwittingly, become a member of an ‘invisible clan’ of the university’s brightest students. There were no written rules and regulations of this clan and society – just open discussion and exchange on every subject. In 1660 AD, the emperor gave a charter to these scientists, as a result of which their ‘Invisible Society’ now became ‘Royal Society’. The aim of the members of this society was the experimental study of science. “Truth can be attained only through the direct—through the inner direct (thinking) and the external direct (experiment).” Boyle’s reputation in science is only as an experiment-loving scientist, as the father of ‘Boyle’s Law’. Boyle’s law is the rule of mathematics by which we can tell that due to increase or decrease in pressure,What difference does it make in the condition. This rule was invented by experiments and it was only after a long time that it could get the form of a formula of mathematics.
Boyle did his famous test, first of all, like this. First of all, he made a glass tube in the shape of the letter ‘J’ of the English alphabet, whose small end was closed. The tube was too long. Its long arm was about 10 feet high. Now, how to fit such a big tube in a room? Had to use a ladder. Some mercury was introduced into the tube with great care that its level in both arms was the same: that is – in this case – the pressure of the gas in the closed mouth end was the same as that of the external atmosphere in the open mouth. If the pressure is not the same at both the ends, then the level of mercury will be different in both the arms of the tube, not equal.
These testers knew very well what kind of equipment they had: the lower end of the ‘J’ tube was placed in a large box – the glass was not broken and the box was not exposed to mercury. And how many times this accident happened. However, when the mercury reached a level on both arms, Boyle affixed two long slips of paper, marked in inches and eighths of an inch, to both. Slowly, then, the mercury began to pour into the open-mouth of the tube—the mercury began to rise up on both sides, but not to the same height: there was some air in the closed-mouth, the pressure of which forced the mercury into it and Does not allow to come up As a result, the temperature in the open-mouth area reached a higher level. The height is not the same, but the mercury is balanced in both the arms! Apart from the pressure of the atmosphere inside the tube, there is also the personal weight of mercury, the pressure of the gas in the closed-mouth end can now be known by the numbers marked on the slips pasted on the cylinder. Boyle observed a strange phenomenon, namely that – when the longer arm has 29 inches of mercury higher than the shorter arm, the volume of the gas in the tube is exactly half of its original volume, Boyle knew that this pressure Enough to lift 29 inches of mercury. 29 inches of pressure at the open-mouth thus increasing doubles the pressure at the closed-mouth end, with the result that the amount of gas contained in it is halved. But Boyle was not satisfied with this estimate. He did hundreds of more calculations. The eight-foot-high mercury stupa brought the enclosed air inside to a quarter of its original size.
In physics today, Boyle’s law is used by every scientist every day: the volume of a gas changes in inverse proportion to the pressure. This is the formulaic definition of Boyle’s law. Scientists of the advance generation, especially Jackie’s Charlie, added to this that ‘if the temperature does not change, then’.
Many of Boyle’s experiments and discoveries are described in letters to his nephew. This nephew of Boyle also later became the Earl of Cork. Sometimes these letters would be of more than a hundred pages.
Boyle was a great scientist, and his interests were not limited to a single branch of science. He did research in relation to the speed of words, the root causes of alphabets and alphabets and the composition of crystals. He also built a vacuum pump that could be operated by a person, and proved that an animal can die in a place bereft of air; Also, sulfur will not burn in the vacuum of air. A characterization of ‘chemical matter’ is also said to have been suggested by Boyle and which is not much different from our present ‘chemical vision’. “a substance that cannot be broken down”, but like a true scientist he also amended it to say that “it cannot be (broken) in any known way for a long time.” But in today’s laboratories, changes have been brought about in the internal structure of these elements as well.
Boyle was a generous man. And even if he had not invented Boyle’s Law, his name would have always been remembered among the immortals of history, because he was the first to arrange for the publication of Newton’s Principia.
He died in London on December 30, 1691 AD. His age then was 64 years. Even in an age of superstition and witches, he went on to introduce some important directions and methods in science—and indeed became a source of inspiration and meaning for many of his contemporaries.